When we use MATCH it looks up for the value from the lookup column and return the cell number of that value. VLOOKUP only can see through the vertical cells. In the example above I used a 4 for the row_num argument for INDEX.
INDEX takes a defined block of data usually a table and returns a value to a cell based on coordinates 1.
The Excel Functions covered here are. The zero row trick causes INDEX to return column 1 from the array which is already one column anyway. First we use MATCH function to lookup a value lookup_value within a column lookup_array. The INDEX MATCH functions can be used together as a flexible and powerful tool for extracting data from a table.