X 1 x 2. Because a population is usually very large or unknown the population mean is usually an unknown constant. An estimate of the population mean is the sample mean.
Where bar x sample mean.
µx µ and sx s n. Sample mean 3 2 5 6 4 5. That is we have shown that the mean of X is the same as the mean of the individual X i. The sample standard deviation would tend to be lower than the real standard deviation of the population.